Executive Functions

What are executive functions?

Executive Functions (EFs) are a set of cognitive skills that help us to be successful in completing everyday tasks. EFs help us to set goals, plan, and get things done! EFs develop throughout childhood and into adolescence/early adulthood.

When does a child need executive function support?

Children with ADHD and other neurotypes often benefit from a coaching therapy model develop their EF skills in order to be successful at home, school and in the community. Children who struggle with EFs may have difficulties with: 

  • Playing attention in the classroom 

  • Keeping their belongings organizations 

  • Starting and finishing tasks 

  • Controlling their emotions 

  • Transitions (e.g. turning off the TV to start homework)

  • Execution of getting their thoughts into paper with writing tasks

How does OT support executive functions?

OT sessions for EFs are strength-based and designed to help a child learn about their brain, develop EF skills, and problem solve specific tasks that are challenging for them. Sessions may include:

  • Play-based activities or board games to target specific EF skills 

  • Psycho-education to the child and parents about the brain

  • Collaborative problem solving for daily challenges that arise such as: developing a morning routine, strategies to manage the rotary system at school) 

  • Support with developing self regulation and social communication skills 

  • Academic support such as: strategies to support writing, using assistive technology, organization skills

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